Current Status of Nickel Smelting Technology

Ho-Sang Sohn

doi:10.7844/kirr.2021.30.2.3

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2021 Vol.30, Issue 2 Next Page

Article Review

Current Status of Nickel Smelting Technology 니켈 제련기술의 현황

30 April 2021. pp. 3-13

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Abstract

Nickel is widely used due to its excellent toughness, malleability and enhanced corrosion resistance. Therefore, nickel is indispensable in our daily lives, and it is widely used in basic to advanced applications such as stainless steel, super alloys and electronic devices. Recently, nickel has been widely used as the major material in secondary batteries and capacitors. The use of nickel continues to rise and has increased from 800 thousand tonnes per year worldwide in the 1970s to about 2 million tonnes in the 2010s. However, nickel is a representative rare metal and ranks 23^rd among the abundant elements in the earth’s crust. This study reviews the current status of the nickel smelting processes as well as the trend in production amount and use. Nickel is extracted by a wide variety of smelting methods depending on the type of ore. These smelting methods are essential for the development of new recycling processes that can extract nickel from secondary nickel resources.

Keywords

nickel

hydrometallurgy

pyrometallurgy

rare metals

reycling

니켈은 우수한 인성, 전성과 함께 내식성 향상 효과 때문에 널리 사용된다. 따라서 니켈은 우리 일상 생활에서 없어서는 안 될 금속으로, 스테인리스강, 고강도합금, 전자기기 등 기초부터 첨단 응용 분야까지 널리 사용되고 있다. 최근 니켈은 2차 전지 및 커패시터의 주요 소재로 널리 사용되고 있다. 니켈의 사용량은 계속 증가하여 1970년대 전 세계적으로 연간 80만 톤에서 2010년대에는 약 200만 톤으로 증가했다. 그러나, 니켈은 지각 중 원소 존재도에서 23번째로 대표적인 희소금속이다. 본 연구에서는 니켈 제련기술의 현황과 생산량 및 사용 동향에 대해 조사하였다. 니켈은 광석의 종류에 따라 매우 다양한 제련법으로 추출된다. 이러한 다양한 니켈 제련기술은 니켈 2차 자원으로부터 니켈을 추출하는 새로운 재활용 프로세스의 개발에 필수적일 것이다.

키워드

니켈

습식제련

건식제련

희소금속

리사이클링

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Information

Publisher :The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원리싸이클링학회
Journal Title :Resources Recycling
Journal Title(Ko) :자원리싸이클링
Volume : 30
No :2
Pages :3-13
Received Date : 2021-01-22
Revised Date : 2021-02-09
Accepted Date : 2021-02-10
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2021.30.2.3

Resources Recycling ISSN:2765-3439(Print) 2765-3447(Online) 자원리싸이클링

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