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2025 Vol.34, Issue 1 Preview Page

Research Paper

Development Trends in Automotive Life Cycle Assessment Methodologies: Calculation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Automotive Components Using Cut-off and CFF Recycling Models

자동차 전과정평가 방법론 개발 동향: Cut-off 및 CFF 재활용 모델에 따른 자동차 부품 온실가스 배출량 계산

Nam Seok Kim1
,
Kook Pyo Pae2
,
Sun Bin Kim1
,
Jae Young Lee1
,
Yong Woo Hwang3*
김 남석1
,
배 국표2
,
김 선빈1
,
이 재영1
,
황 용우3*
1Program in Circular Economy Environmental System, Graduate School, Inha University
2Korea Envrionment Institute
3Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University
1인하대학교 순환경제환경시스템전공
2한국환경연구원
3인하대학교 환경공학과
*Corresponding Author
28 February 2025. pp. 21-32
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Abstract

As the automotive industry has intensified its efforts to become carbon neutral to combat climate change, the importance of automotive life cycle assessment (A-LCA) is steadily increasing. However, the absence of a standardized methodology for A-LCA studies has posed challenges in ensuring the objectivity of the results. In response, UNECE WP.29 is advencing the development of an A-LCA methodology, with Korea taking a leading role in the ‘Parts and Vehicle Production’ subgroup. This study analyses the development trend in A-LCA methodology, and in particular, recycling modeling, critical among the subgroups. The recycling modeling analysis was performed for an automotive component, a transmission, and the GHG emissions, which were compared using cut-off and CFF modeling, the main allocation methods in the A-LCA methodology. The GHG emissions from a transmission produced using only new materials were calculated to be 788.2 kg CO2-eq. Cut-off modeling with recycled material use resulted in a reduction of approximately 8.8% to 718.7 kg CO2-eq, whereas CFF modeling resulted in the lowest emissions of 293.1 kg CO2-eq. This study comparatively analyzed CFF and cut-off modeling discussed in A-LCA. Its findings can serve as a basis for formulating automobile-related policies and as a reference for the industry to implement them.

Keywords
Automotive-LCA
Allocation
Cut-off
CFF (Circular Footprint Formula)
Recycling

기후변화 대응을 위한 자동차 산업의 탄소중립 노력이 심화되면서, A-LCA(Automotive LCA, 자동차 전과정평가)의 중요성이 더욱 커지고 있다. 기존의 자동차 LCA 연구는 표준화된 방법론 부재로 인해 연구 결과의 객관성 확보에 어려움을 겪었다. 이에 UNECE WP.29에서는 A-LCA 방법론 개발을 추진하고 있으며, 한국은 ‘부품과 차량생산’ 하위그룹을 이끌며 적극적으로 참여하고 있다. 본 연구는 A-LCA 방법론 개발 동향을 분석하고, 특히 하위그룹 간에 이슈가 되고 있는 재활용모델링에 대해 분석하였다. 재활용모델링 분석은 자동차 부품인 트랜스미션을 대상으로 수행하였으며 A-LCA 방법론 내 주요 할당 방식인 Cut-off 모델링과 CFF 모델링을 적용하여 온실가스 배출량을 비교 분석하였다. 신재만을 사용하여 생산된 트랜스미션에서 발생하는 온실가스는 788.2kg CO2-eq.로 산정되었다. 재활용 재료 사용률을 반영한 Cut-off 모델링에서는 약 8.8% 감소한 718.7kg CO2-eq.의 배출량이 예측되었으며, CFF 모델링에서는 가장 낮은 293.1kg CO2-eq.의 배출량을 나타냈다. 본 연구는 A-LCA에서 논의되고 있는 CFF 모델링 및 Cut-off 모델링을 비교분석한 사례로 자동차 관련 정책 입안 시 기초자료로써 참고되며, 이를 이행 해야 할 산업계에도 참고할 수 있는 자료로써 그 활용도를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

키워드
자동차 전과정평가
할당
Cut-off
CFF(Circular Footprint Formula)
재활용
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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국자원리싸이클링학회
  • Journal Title :Resources Recycling
  • Journal Title(Ko) :자원리싸이클링
  • Volume : 34
  • No :1
  • Pages :21-32
  • Received Date : 2024-11-22
  • Revised Date : 2024-12-12; 2024-12-17
  • Accepted Date : 2024-12-18
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2025.34.1.21
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