Waste LED Recycling: Status and Prospects

Duk-Hee Lee; Hyeon-Kyung Oh; Kyung-Soo Park

doi:10.7844/kirr.2024.33.1.3

All Issue

2024 Vol.33, Issue 1 Next Page

Waste LED Recycling: Status and Prospects LED 폐자원 재활용: 현황과 향후 방향

28 February 2024. pp. 3-14

PDF XML

Abstract

Owing to technological advancements and energy-saving policies, the demand for LED is increasing, leading to rapid industry expansion. Consequently, efficient recycling of accumulated LED waste has become a growing social concern, and current recycling status of LED waste resources and future directions were reviewed. Currently, waste LED recycling is focused on Ga recovery. Therefore, the development of integrated recycling technologies such as pre-treatment and concentration/recovery of high valued materials is necessary. In this study, we investigated the status and recycling technologies of waste LED and presented prospects.

Keywords

LED

waste

recycling

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

LED 산업은 기술의 발전과 에너지 절감 정책을 바탕으로 수요가 급증하면서 시장은 급격히 확대되고 있다. 그에 따라 지속적으로 축적되는 LED 폐자원의 효율적인 재활용이 사회적 관심으로 증가하고 있어 현재 LED 폐자원의 재활용 상황과 향후 나아갈 방향에 대해 고찰하였다. 현재 LED 폐자원의 재활용은 Ga 회수기술에 초점이 맞춰져 있어 전처리 및 고부가가치 소재의 농축/회수 등 통합적인 재활용 기술 개발이 요구되는 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 LED 폐자원의 현황 및 재활용 기술을 알아보고 향후 방향에 대해 제시하였다.

키워드

LED

폐자원

재활용

생산자책임재활용제도

References

Oliveira, R. P. de, Benvenuti, J., Espinosa, D. C. R., 2021 : A review of the current progress in recycling technologies for gallium and rare earth elements from light-emitting diodes, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 145, pp.111090-111105. 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111090

Marcelo Pilotto Cenci, Frederico Christ Dal Berto, Priscila Silva Silveira Camargo, et al., 2021 : Separation and concentration of valuable and critical materials from wasted LEDs by physical processes, Waste Manag., 120, pp.136-145. 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.02333302016

Zissis, G., Bertoldi, P., 2018 : Status of LED-lighting world market in 2017, pp.1-76, European Commission, Ispra.

Martins, T. R., Eduardo, H. T., Daniel, A. B., 2020 : Innovative method for the recycling of end-of-life LED bulbs by mechanical processing, Resour., Conserv. Recycl., 161, pp.104875-104890. 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104875

Kumar, A., Kuppusamy, V. K., Holuszko, M., et al., 2019 : LED lamps waste in Canada : Generation and characterization, Resour., Conserv. Recycl., 146, pp.329-336. 10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.04.006

Baldé, C. P., Forti, V., Gray, V., et al., 2017 : The global e-waste monitor 2017, pp.1-116, United Nations University, Vienna.

Murakami, H., Nishihama, S., Yoshizuka, K., 2015 : Separation and recovery of gold from waste LED using ion exchange method, Hydrometall., 157, pp.194-198. 10.1016/j.hydromet.2015.08.014

Santos, E. C. A., Silveira, T. A., Colling, A. V., et al., 2020 : Recycling Processes for the Recovery of Metal from E-waste of the LED Industry, pp.159-177, E-waste Recycling and Management, SpringerLink, London. 10.1007/978-3-030-14184-4_9

Rahman, S. M. M., Kim, J., Lerondel, G., et al., 2017 : Missing research focus in end-of-life management of light-emitting diode (led) lamps, Resour. Conserv. Recycl., 127, pp.256-258. 10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.04.013

Speirs, J., McGlade, C., Slade, R., 2015 : Uncertainty in the availability of natural resources: Fossil fuels, critical metals and biomass, Energy Policy, 87, pp.654-664. 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.02.031

Chen, W. S., Hsu, L. L., Wang, L. P., 2018 : Recycling the GaN Waste from LED Industry by Pressurized Leaching Method, Metals, 861(8), pp.861-873. 10.3390/met8100861

Zhan, L., Xia, F., Ye, Q., et al., 2015 : Novel recycle technology for recovering rare metals (Ga, In) from waste light-emitting diodes, J. Hazard. Mater., 299(15), pp.388-394. 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.02926150281

Ilankoon, I. M. S. K., Ghorbani, Y., Chong, M. N., et al., 2018 : E-waste in the international context-A review of trade flows, regulations, hazards, waste management strategies and technologies for value recovery, Waste Manag., 82, pp.258-275. 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.01830509588

Rahman, S. M. M., Kim, J., Lerondel, G., et al., 2019 : Value Retention Options in Circular Economy: Issues and Challenges of LED Lamp Preprocessing, Sustainability, 1(17), pp.4723-4743. 10.3390/su11174723

Green Economy, Environmental Corporation conducts campaign to separate and discharge waste LED lights, http://www.greenpostkorea.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=206812, November 22, 2023.

Mir, S., Vaishampayan, A., Dhawan, N., 2022 : A Review on Recycling of End-of-Life Light-Emitting Diodes for Metal Recovery, JOM, 74(2), pp.599-611. 10.1007/s11837-021-05043-9

Zheludev, N., 2007 : The life and times of the LED-a 100-year history, Nat. Photonics, 1, pp.189-192. 10.1038/nphoton.2007.34

Akasaki, I., 2007 : Key inventions in the history of nitride-based blue LED and LD, J. Cryst. Growth, 300(1), pp.2-10. 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2006.10.259

Yoo, G., 2021 : Technology Analysis Report - Seoul Semiconductor, pp.1-16, NICE evaluation information.

Kook, Y., 2021 : Technology Analysis Report - Woori Lighting, pp.1-16, NICE evaluation information.

e-media, Waste LED is recycled…a pilot project for four months in the Seoul metropolitan area, http://www.ecomedia.co.kr/news/newsview.php?ncode=1065574273791073, November 22, 2023.

Kim, G. I., 2019 : Research on introduction of LED lighting EPR system, pp.1-192, Korea Environment Corporation, Incheon.

Min, D. G., 2018 : Research to establish recycling plans for LED lights, pp.1-115, Ministry of Environment, Sejong.

Rahman, S. M. M., Pompidou, S., Alix, T., et al., 2021 : A review of LED lamp recycling process from the 10R strategy perspective, Sustain. Prod. Consum., 28, pp.1178-1191. 10.1016/j.spc.2021.07.025

Benmamas, L., Bouzidi, Y., Houset, G., et al., 2022 : Selective separation of plastic LED lamp components using electrodynamic fragmentation for material recovery, Waste Manag., 144, pp.210-220. 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.03.02435395506

Nagy, S., Bokanyi, L., Gombkoto, I., et al., 2017 : Recycling of Gallium From End-of-Life Light Emitting Diodes, Arch. Metall. Mater., 62(2B), pp.1161-1166. 10.1515/amm-2017-0170

Cenci, M. P., Berto, F. C., Schneider, E. L., et al., 2020 : Assessment of LED lamps components and materials for a recycling perspective., Waste Manag., 107(15), pp.285-293. 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.02832330828

Swain, B., Mishra, C., Kang, L., et al., 2015 : Recycling process for recovery of gallium from GaN an e-waste of LED industry through ball milling, annealing and leaching, Environ. Res., 138, pp.401-408. 10.1016/j.envres.2015.02.02725769129

Zhan, L., Xia, F., Xia, Y., et al., 2017 : Recycle Gallium and Arsenic from GaAs-Based E-Wastes via Pyrolysis-Vacuum Metallurgy Separation: Theory and Feasibility, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 6(1), pp.1336-1342. 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03689

Fang, S., Yan, W., Cao, H., et al., 2018 : Evaluation on end-of-life LEDs by understanding the criticality and recyclability for metals recycling, J. Clean. Prod., 182, pp.624-633. 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.260

Lee, D. H., Shin, D., Kim, T. H., et al., 2019 : Current Status of Recycling of LED Waste, J. of Korean Inst. of Resources Recycling, 28(2), pp.14-22. 10.7844/kirr.2020.29.2.28

Information

Publisher :The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling
Publisher(Ko) :한국자원리싸이클링학회
Journal Title :Resources Recycling
Journal Title(Ko) :자원리싸이클링
Volume : 33
No :1
Pages :3-14
Received Date : 2023-11-22
Revised Date : 2023-12-11
Accepted Date : 2023-12-11
DOI :https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2024.33.1.3

Resources Recycling ISSN:2765-3439(Print) 2765-3447(Online) 자원리싸이클링

All Issue